My spislave model in Opencores website

spislave is a minimalist spislave IP core that provides the basic framework for the implementation of custom spio devices. The core provides a means to write up to 8-bit registers. These registers can be connected to the users custom logic, thus implementing a simple control and status interface. A full Icarus Verilog test bench is available. Test it for yourself, using the free Icarus Verilog simulator and the free GTKWave wave form viewer.

http://www.opencores.org/project,spislave

Other projects i am working on are :

http://www.opencores.org/project,spigpio
http://www.opencores.org/project,i2cgpio
http://www.opencores.org/project,i2clcd

Strace

Strace

strace is a tool for tracing system calls and signals. It intercepts and records the system calls made by a running process. strace can print a record of each system call, its arguments, and its return value. You can use strace on programs for which you do not have the source since using strace does not require recompilation. It is often useful in instances where a program freezes or otherwise fails to work and offers few clues as to the problem. It is also a great for instructional purposes.

Basics

It is easiest to explain with an example. The simplest example is perhaps

bash$ strace -o strace-echo-output.txt echo "Hello there"
Hello World
bash$ 

This example traced the execution of echo "Hello there", and printed the resulting trace to strace-echo-output.txt. As you can see, the program runs normally, the only difference is that it runs a little slower under strace and at the end you have a trace file. Trace files tend to be fairly large. Even for this simple example,
strace-echo-output.txt was 48 lines long for me. The file contains lines such as

open("/opt/gnome2/lib/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat64("/opt/gnome2/lib", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0755, st_size=20480, ...}) = 0
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY)      = 3
fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=65928, ...}) = 0
old_mmap(NULL, 65928, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0xbf596000
close(3)                                = 0
open("/lib/tls/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY)    = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0\3\0\1\0\0\0`ht\000"..., 512) = 512

That may look a little intimidating at first, but it is not so scary once you learn the basic format and realize that these files are usually meant to be searched, not read. Each line starts with a system call name, is followed by its arguments in parenthesis and then has the return value at the end of the line. Errors (which typically have a return value of -1) have the symbolic error name (such as ENOENT in the first line in the example above) as well as a more informative error string appended.

 Thanks to :
http://people.gnome.org/~newren/tutorials/developing-with-gnome/html/ch03s02.html

How to include Japanese characters in your HTML

The following HTML script will help you to do that.

<br>
<font face="Unicode" color="#006600" size="15"> &#12471;&#12527;&#12463;&#12510;&#12523; font>

Script which i have given will display my name - SHI WA KU MA RU (english - Sivakumar),

So you can edit it according to your wish of display.

The following link will help you to convert your japanese characters to HTML codes

http://www.wandel.person.dk/japanese.html

Thanks to :

our Internet Resources.

Debian and Ubuntu Linux Package Management Commands

Debian and Ubuntu Linux Package Management

Update package list	apt-get update
Update Full System	Apt-get upgrade
Install new software from package repository	Apt-get install pkg
Install new software from package file	dpkg -i pkg
Update existing software	apt-get install pkg
Remove unwanted software	apt-get remove pkg
Search by package name	apt-cache search pkg
Search by string	apt-cache search string
List installed packages	dpkg -l
List repositories	cat /etc/apt/sources.list
Add /Remove repository	edit /etc/apt/sources.list

How to set up Hard disk boot priority

If you have two OS.For example Debian in one Hard Disk and Ubuntu
in other hard disk.Then if we want any one os to boot then what
to do.Now to set up the hard disk priority.

1. At first the Debian harddisk should be connected to SATA-0 of the
   systems mother board and Ubuntu harddisk shoud be connected to
   SATA-1 of systems mother board.

2.Then enter into 'BIOS setup' press the 'Delete Key' while
   you start up your system.

3. After entering the 'BIOS setup' enter into 'Advanced BIOS features'

4. Now enter into the 'Hard disk boot priority'

5. After entering the 'Hard disk boot priority' now select the
   boot priority.

6. There will be two boot priority in this system.

7. The two priority will be as follows
   Ch2 S  -(Ubuntu)
   Ch1 M  -(Debian)

8. If we want debian then 'Ch1 M' should be moved to the top position.

9. Now save the set up by pressing the 'F10'.

10. Then the procedure is as usual  boot the OS and login.

Is our money Safe in Banks In India?

Please read your banks DICGC(Deposit Insurance and Credit guarantee)

Every body has saved  his money in banking system and some of us worried about the safety of our money in bank in India and some of conservative mind has withdrawn it from the Bank in last month or so .....So question in our mind is "Is our Banks safe ?  

As our Finance Minister and Prime Minister has assures us that our banks are safe its includes ICICI bank and all private banks.Indian private banks have to follow strict guidelines/ Regulationin India Like all other Public sector banks .

Even the one of the Bank Goes bankrupt in that case also your deposit upto 100000 is insured through DICGC(Deposit Insurance and Credit guarantee Corporation).Means  you will get atleast one lakh from your bank in case of Bank failed.

 The Main feature of insurance  Scheme are

1. Insurance of one lakh Rs deposit in all bank branches in India.
2. Current account,FD,Saving accounts are covered
3. The limit is applicable on person and not on account.Suppose you have money in saving account 50000 and current account 50000 and FD 50000 ,Then the Insurance amount restricted to 100000 only
   
4. The Limit is applicable for all branches of a single bank .Suppose In ABC bank you have accounts in different branches at different location or same location .In that case agregate of all branches will be treated as one in all accounts and insured upto one lakh only.
5. Each Bank will be treated as seprate cover unlike point 4 .If you have deposited 100000 in ABC bank and 100000 in XYZ bank then you will get 100000 as insurance amount for each bank total 200000
6. The Limit of one lakh is applicable for one capacity ,suppose you have one saving account as individual in ABC bank amount 100000 and other accout as karta of HUF and having 100000 in it and other account as partner of a firm and balance of 100000 init so you will get insurace amount of 100000 each of three account total 300000 .
7. All banks have to take this Insurance cover and there is no option for bank ,so its mandatory for banks to insure 100000 deposit of each person .

Example :

Account in single Bank in one branch or different baranchs of same Bank
Deposits held in different capacities	Savings A/c	Current A/c	FD A/c	Total Deposit	Deposits Insured
Shri S. K. Pandit (Individual)	17200	22000	80000	1,19,200	1,00,000
Shri S. K. Pandit (Partner of ABC & Co.)	75000	50000		1,25,000	1,00,000
Shri S. K. Pandit (Guardian for Master Ajit)	7800		80000	87800	87800
Shri S. K. Pandit (Director, J.K. Udyog Ltd.)	2,30,000	45000		2,75,000	1,00,000
Shri S. K. Pandit jointly with Smt. K. A. Pandit	7500	1,50,000	50000	2,07,500	1,00,000

Thanks to :
For further details refer to the following webs:
http://www.simpletaxindia.org/2008/10/financial-crisesare-your-money-save-in.html
http://www.dicgc.org.in/GuideToDepositInsuranceInIndia.htm
One Rupee  image from :
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:One_Rupee.jpg

How To Get Hardware Information On Linux Using dmidecode Command

dmidecode command reads the system DMI table to display hardware and BIOS information of the server. Apart from getting current configuration of the system, you can also get information about maximum supported configuration of the system using dmidecode. For example, dmidecode gives both the current RAM on the system and the maximum RAM supported by the system.
This dmidecode requires admin permission.

DMI Type id will give information about a particular hardware component
of your system. Following command with type id 4 will get the
information about CPU of the system.

Command as follows: 

# dmidecode -t 4

Following are the different DMI types available.

Type   Information
       ----------------------------------------
          0   BIOS
          1   System
          2   Base Board
          3   Chassis
          4   Processor
          5   Memory Controller
          6   Memory Module
          7   Cache
          8   Port Connector
          9   System Slots
         10   On Board Devices

For more information study the man pages of dmidecode

Thanks to : 

http://www.thegeekstuff.com/2008/11/how-to-get-hardware-information-on-linux-using-dmidecode-command/

QEMU - MP-BIOS bug: 8254 timer not connected to IO-APIC

Today i had an error while emulating the ubuntu.iso in qemu.The error was like

MP-BIOS bug: 8254 timer not connected to IO-APIC.

How to solve this bug :

Main Start Page Options:
When the Ubuntu CD is started the user gains access to its main menu by pressing ESC or selecting a language from the opened menu. If the ESC key is not pressed or no language is chosen during the 30 second timeout the CD continues to boot to the Ubuntu Desktop using the disk's default language. After selecting a language or pressing ESC the user will be presented with a screen similar to this:

 

 F6. Other Options. ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) and EDD (Enhanced Disk Drive) options which may help if your computer does not support or has problems with these systems. Highlight the selection and press the ENTER key or SPACE key to select it. An "X" will appear, indicating selection. Multiple items can be selected from this popup menu. Hit ESC to leave the popup menu. The selections are retained at the time the user presses the ESC key.

 

To make an addition to the boot command:

• 
  
  Press the F6 key.
  
  • 
    
    If desired, select one or more options with the arrow keys, then press ENTER or the SPACE key to select them.
    
    
    
  • 
    
    Any popup menu option enabled when ESC is pressed is retained.
    
    
    
  
  
• 
  
  Press ESC to remove the popup screen. The boot command line is now available for editing and will remain so as long as no popup menu is visible.
  
  
  
• Leave a space following the "--" and add the desired option. If entering multiple options leave a space between each entry.
• 
  
  The command will be executed when ENTER is pressed and the boot sequence will begin.
  
  
  
• The F1-F6 keys will still respond and the user can make additional menu selections.
• 
  
  The command line will be accessible for appending until ENTER is pressed.
  
  
  
• 
  
  Pressing ENTER will start the boot sequence.
  
  
  
  By doing the above procedures you will be able to solve the 
  
  bug: 8254 timer not connected to IO-APIC
  
  
  
  Now go head and see your Ubuntu emulation in qemu.
  
  
  

Live Count of visitors

Live Count

Give your visitors the ability to see how many guests are currently looking at the page, within milliseconds of accuracy. Watch as your visitor-count skyrockets after a popular post, or drops deep into the night!

Thanks to :
http://labs.chitika.com/#



Simply copy and paste the code above into anywhere on your website. That's it.

SCP protocol for copying

SCP protocol for copying - Example commands

The SCP protocol is a network protocol that supports file transfers. The SCP program is a software tool implementing the SCP protocol as a service daemon or client. It is a program to perform secure copying.

Typically, a syntax of scp program is like the syntax of cp:

Copying file to host:
scp SourceFile user@host:directory/TargetFile

Copying file from host:
scp user@host:directory/SourceFile TargetFile

Note that if the remote host uses a port other than the default of 22, you can specify it in the command. For example, copying a file from host:
scp -P 2222 user@host:directory/SourceFile TargetFile

Thanks to
visit the web http://www.web-source.net/html_codes_chart.htm
visit the web http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_copy#Unix
Thanks to Vijaykumar - Zilogic systems

Man page

I found much useful by using this man page.
Man pages (short for "manual pages") are the extensive documentation that comes preinstalled with almost all substantial Unix and Unix-like operating systems. The Unix command used to display them is man. Each page is a self-contained document.   

To read a manual page for a Unix command, one can use
 man

Ubuntu Manpage Repository 

 http://manpages.ubuntu.com/

This site contains hundreds of thousands of dynamically generated manuals, extracted from every package of every supported version of Ubuntu, and updated on a daily basis

X BitMap File

In GIMP if you want to convert the bitmap file to C code it possible.
Save your bitmap file as .xbm extension file.

Format :

XBM data typically appears in headers (.h files) and consist of a series of static unsigned char arrays containing the monochrome pixel data. They feature one array per image stored in the header.
The following piece of C code exemplifies an XBM file:

#define test_width 16
#define test_height 7
static char test_bits[] = {
0x13, 0x00, 0x15, 0x00, 0x93, 0xcd, 0x55, 0xa5, 0x93, 0xc5, 0x00, 0x80,
0x00, 0x60 };

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_BitMap

Thanks to Wikipedia for the information.

திருக்குறள்

 நான் படித்ததில் பிடித்தது திருக்குறள்

Thirukkural i liked: 
It says about management policy.

இதனை இதனால் இவன் முடிக்கும் என்றாய்ந்து 

அதனை அவன் கண் விடல்

Meaning of it is:  Select a person who is capable enough of doing a particular job, with a particular thing , then give the same job to him so he will do it in a right manner. I think so it is a good Kural for Managers.

10 Ways to Go Green and Save Green

Hi i like to introduce a go green concept today.Every where in the world now trying to introduce go green concept good and healthier environment.So we also do it from today shall we.

My ideas:  

Today i went to a theatre to watch a movie , i had booked the ticket in online so i took a printout of it to show it in the entry for the movie.But a thought had evolved in that moment.The idea is as follows why cant we develop a card or a device which stores the data of it and we can swipe it at the entry of the counter and it will display the seat no , movie date, etcs.The data should be in such a form that no one can edit it.
This is just an example i am saying.

Like the bank ATM cards, We should develop a Universal Go Green card(To encourage it initially we should give some discounts for this type of card holders).
The one card in world which stores the data where we want to show instead of printing it i am not saying about USB memory sticks its a special card only to avoid the printouts( In future we can add some other features also in this card).

10 Ways to Go Green and Save Green

1. Save energy to save money.
2. Save water to save money.
3. Less gas = more money (and better health!).
4. Eat smart.
5. Skip the bottled water.
6. Think before you buy.
7. Borrow instead of buying.
8. Buy smart.
9. Keep electronics out of the trash.
10. Make your own cleaning supplies.

 Visit the following web to have some idea


http://www.worldwatch.org/resources/go_green_save_green 

 Thanks to : 
http://www.worldwatch.org/resources/go_green_save_green 
http://www.vecteezy.com/vf/1073-Going-Green-with-Leaves

The Linux Cross Reference - (goahead do your R&D here )

This is the best OS i have ever used. They have given the complete source code for protocols also , anybody can read and fine tune it for their future generation.Come on younger generation use linux os and develop your thoughts and give your innovative ideas .

 http://lxr.linux.no/+trees
Text from the LXR website is given below:

Welcome to lxr.linux.no LXR (formerly "the Linux Cross Referencer") is a software toolset for indexing and presenting source code repositories. LXR was initially targeted at the Linux source code, but has proved usable for a wide range of software projects. lxr.linux.no is currently running an experimental fork of the LXR software.




  Browse the code These are the browsable source code repositores at lxr.linux.no:

• Linux 2.6.11 and later
• Linux 2.5.0 - 2.6.11
• Linux 0.01 - 2.4.31
• SYSLINUX
• coreboot v2 (formerly LinuxBIOS v2)
• coreboot v3 (formerly LinuxBIOS v3)
• Mac OS X Darwin/xnu
• Perl

Convert CHM files to PDFs

Article which was published on  Linux For You:

In Linux systems install the chm2pdf package. chm2pdf is simple Python script that converts CHM files to PDF files.

Now to convert the chm to pdf file , run the following command

$ chm2pdf --book filename.chm filename.pdf
or
$ chm2pdf --webpage filename.chm filename.pdf

Difference between two options are

• We use --book if the HTML sorces (input file) are structured

• We use --webpage if the HTML sorces (input file) are unstructured

For help
$chm2pdf --help

Courtesy: Linux For You magazine

Thanks to Linux For you magazine

Your Favourite Electronics products price and compare it

Electronics products price and comparison

you can see your favourite Electronics products price and compare it in the following website.


http://compareindia.in.com/



Courtesy : Thanks for the compare india team.

He is the real Khan

We should also try to contribute like Mr Khan

www.khanacademy.org/

One of colleague said about him and his website. This is a website of Mr Salman khan where he had updated all his best knowledge in the youtube videos and it is a open source.We have to encourage this kind of peoples.

This person is extra ordinary. Good Mr Khan Keep it up. Please listen and watch his videos you will love it naturally.

Text which was found on his website is as follows:

The Khan Academy is a not-for-profit organization with the mission of providing a high quality education to anyone, anywhere.

We have 1000+ videos on YouTube covering everything from basic arithmetic and algebra to differential equations, physics, chemistry, biology and finance which have been recorded by Salman Khan.

The Khan Academy and Salman Khan have received a 2009 Tech Award in Education. The Tech Awards is an international awards program that honors innovators from around the world who are applying technology to benefit humanity.

You can search your bus routes in Chennai through Online

You can search your bus routes in Chennai through the following site

http://rab.in/bus/chennai/

Just enter your source and destination then this site will give you the Bus Nos. Chennai Bus Routes lets you search the routes of the MTC buses running in the city of Chennai. Unlike the official site, we also tell you where you can change buses if there are no direct buses to where you want to go.

To get started, fill in your start and destination bus stops. You can also just enter one stop name to get a list of buses that go to that stop.

Type in a part of the stop name and pick from the drop-down list that appears.

http://rab.in/bus/chennai/

Courtesy:
Thanks For the person who made this website

I2C based LCD code For ZIO

I2C based LCD code For ZIO

Today i have done I2C based LCD code in python which was successfully working.Thanks for Vijaykumar for helping me to find the bug in my code.